Generally, cheating the Government that can be addressed by the
False Claims Act falls into three broad categories of cases:
1) False statements and certifications in the course of the
Government "procuring" or buying goods and services, particularly
defense-related procurements;
2) Medicare and Medicaid violations and false claims, including
billing for services not rendered, overcharging for services, kickbacks, and improper cost reporting schemes; and
3) Other types of cheating the Government, such as grant and
loan fraud to obtain Government funds and false statements to
avoid paying monies owed to the Government, as in "reverse false
claims" brought under 31 U.S.C. § 3729(a)(7).